Foam grades explained: upholstery foam types
A foam grade describes two things: density (how much the foam weighs per cubic foot, which drives durability) and firmness or ILD (how hard it feels). High-density foam lasts longest and is best for seats; softer, lower-ILD foam suits backs and decorative cushions; reticulated dry-fast foam is made for outdoors; and memory foam is a pressure-relieving specialty.
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Foam grades — answered
What does foam "density" actually mean?
Density is the weight of the foam per cubic foot, and it predicts durability. Higher-density foam has more material inside, so it resists sagging and lasts far longer under daily use. It is not the same as firmness — density is about longevity, firmness is about how hard it feels.
What's the difference between density and ILD/firmness?
Density measures durability; ILD (Indentation Load Deflection) measures firmness — how much force it takes to compress the foam. You can have a dense foam that feels soft or a light foam that feels firm. For seating that lasts, choose a high density first, then pick the firmness you prefer.
Which foam grade is best for a seat cushion?
High-density foam is best for any seat you use daily — dining chairs, benches, sofas — because it stays supportive and holds its shape for years. Softer, lower-ILD foam is better kept for back cushions and decorative pieces.
What foam should I use outdoors?
Dry-fast reticulated (open-cell) foam. Its cells let rainwater drain straight through and air-dry, which prevents the trapped-water mould and odour you get with standard closed foam outdoors.
Which foam grade do I pick in the customizer?
The product page offers High Density Foam, Fiber Fill or Cover Only. If you're unsure, message us your furniture and we'll recommend the grade.
Not sure which grade you need? We'll spec it — free.
Tell us what the cushion is for and how firm you like it, and our makers match the foam grade. No obligation, no pushy sales.