Foam grades explained: upholstery foam types
A foam grade describes two things: density (how much the foam weighs per cubic foot, which drives durability) and firmness or ILD (how hard it feels). High-density foam lasts longest and is best for seats; softer, lower-ILD foam suits backs and decorative cushions; reticulated dry-fast foam is made for outdoors; and memory foam is a pressure-relieving specialty.
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Foam grades — answered
What does foam "density" actually mean?
Density is the weight of the foam per cubic foot, and it predicts durability. Higher-density foam has more material inside, so it resists sagging and lasts far longer under daily use. It is not the same as firmness — density is about longevity, firmness is about how hard it feels.
What's the difference between density and ILD/firmness?
Density measures durability; ILD (Indentation Load Deflection) measures firmness — how much force it takes to compress the foam. You can have a dense foam that feels soft or a light foam that feels firm. For seating that lasts, choose a high density first, then pick the firmness you prefer.
Which foam grade is best for a seat cushion?
High-density foam is best for any seat you use daily — dining chairs, benches, sofas — because it stays supportive and holds its shape for years. Softer, lower-ILD foam is better kept for back cushions and decorative pieces.
What foam should I use outdoors?
Dry-fast reticulated (open-cell) foam. Its cells let rainwater drain straight through and air-dry, which prevents the trapped-water mould and odour you get with standard closed foam outdoors.
Which foam grade do I pick in the customizer?
You choose a foam or fill option that matches your use — supportive high-density for seating, softer for backs, or dry-fast for outdoors. If you're unsure, message us your furniture and we'll recommend the grade.
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Tell us what the cushion is for and how firm you like it, and our makers match the foam grade. No obligation, no pushy sales.
